Kelimpahan Nematoda Parasit dan Nonparasit pada Tanaman Pisang (Musa paradisiaca L.) di Kabupaten Sleman dan Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55259/jiip.v33i1.400Keywords:
Faktor lingkungan, Helicotylenchus, Nematoda nonparasit, Nematoda parasit, Pisang, PratylenchusAbstract
Tanaman pisang (Musa paradisiaca L.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura penting yang produktivitasnya sering menurun akibat serangan nematoda parasit pada sistem perakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi nematoda parasit dan nonparasit yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman pisang di beberapa wilayah Kabupaten Sleman dan Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sampel tanah dan akar tanaman pisang diambil dari lima lokasi, yaitu Turi, Pakem, Ngaglik, Condongcatur, dan Banguntapan. Ekstraksi nematoda dilakukan menggunakan metode Whitehead tray yang dimodifikasi, sedangkan identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologi dengan menggunakan mikroskop. Data faktor lingkungan seperti pH tanah, kelembapan, suhu, ketinggian tempat, dan koordinat lokasi digunakan sebagai data pendukung dalam analisis deskriptif. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan nematoda parasit dan nonparasit pada sampel tanah dan akar bervariasi antarlokasi. Nematoda parasit didominasi oleh Pratylenchus spp. dan Helicotylenchus spp., dengan populasi tertinggi ditemukan di Ngaglik pada sampel tanah maupun akar. Genus Pratylenchus spp. dominan ditemukan pada sampel akar, sedangkan Helicotylenchus spp. lebih banyak ditemukan pada sampel tanah. Nematoda nonparasit yang ditemukan meliputi Mononchus sp., Steinernema sp., Rhabditis sp., dan Metarhabditis sp. Keberadaan Mononchus sp. menunjukkan potensi interaksi predator–mangsa dalam komunitas nematoda tanah, sedangkan Steinernema sp. berpotensi sebagai agen pengendali hayati. Variasi populasi nematoda antarlokasi diduga dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti pH tanah, kelembapan, suhu, dan ketinggian tempat. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi dasar mengenai keberadaan nematoda pada pertanaman pisang di Kabupaten Sleman dan Bantul yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai acuan dalam pengelolaan nematoda secara berkelanjutan.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Miftahul Ajri, Azizah Ridha Ulilalbab, Mofit Eko Poerwanto, Danar Wicaksono, Ayu Kumala Sari, Septi Sri Rahmawati
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